PV Module
The cell efficiency of the monocrystalline is slightly higher than that of polycrystalline solar cells, but the difference is not substantial. The manufacturing process of polycrystalline cells is cheaper and easier than that of the monocrystalline cells, therefore its production cost is also relatively lower.
Silicon solar cells are metalized with thin rectangular-shape strips printed on the front and back sides of a solar photovoltaic cell. These metallic contacts are called busbars and have a significant purpose: they conduct the direct current generated by the solar photovoltaic cell.
The higher number of busbars reduces the distance between the busbars, which decreases the internal resistance losses and the intensity of the current between each cell, in order to increase the cell efficiency of the PV Module.
The new enjoy solar® PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) monocrystalline solar module with 9 busbars (9BB) increases the cell size from 158.75mm * 158.75mm to 166mm * 166mm, thereby increasing the cell efficiency considerably up to 22.9%. Because of the improvement in the power efficiency, the installation area and the costs are reduced.
Solar panel 10W-80W has one bypass diode; solar panel 100W-320W has two bypass diodes.
Exception: 1100100 (100W) has only one diode and 1160105 (XL 100W) has two diodes.
The bypass diodes’ function is to eliminate the hot-spot phenomena which can damage PV cells and even cause fire if the light hitting the surface of the PV cells in a module is not uniform.
When solar panels are exposed to shady conditions, their efficiency drops, and their performance suffers as a result. Environmental obstructions such as trees or nearby buildings, clouds, self-shading between panels in parallel rows, dirt, dust, and various other trash such as bird droppings, all cause shading. These shading effects may be static as a result of the obstruction’s location, or dynamic in certain situations, such as a shadow cast by moving clouds. Therefore, eliminating solar shading problems is the most effective way to avoid them.
Measure the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of your solar panel with multimeter and compare the result with the technical data of the panel. Please also note that the calculated values from technical data are ideal values and depend on various factors such as temperature, angle, compass direction, irradiance, air mass, humidity, solar radiation (impairment e.g., by high fog), resistances in cables, connectors, and charge controllers, etc.
Solar panels with the same (or slightly deviated value +/- 1V) voltage (V) but different power (W) can be connected in parallel without any problem.
Solar panels of different voltage and power must not be connected in parallel, because the solar panel with the lowest voltage determines the voltage output of the whole array. When connecting solar panels together in parallel it is important that they ALL have the same nominal voltage value, but it is not necessary that they have the same ampere value.
Solar panels with the same (or slightly deviated value +/- 1A) current (A) but different power (W) can be connected in series without any problem.
Solar panels of different current and power should not be connected in series, because the solar panel with the lowest current determines the current output of the whole array.
In fact, we do not recommend a parallel/series connection of the different solar modules, as a loss of power cannot be avoided in any case.